What To Do With Tree Roots Above Ground

Have you ever looked at your yard and wondered, “What should I do about these tree roots sticking out of the ground?”

Exposed roots can be a nuisance, potentially causing tripping hazards and making lawn care difficult. But before jumping to drastic solutions, it’s essential to understand why tree roots come to the surface and how best to manage them.

Understanding Tree Roots and Their Role in the Ecosystem

Before delving into the specifics of what to do with above-ground tree roots, it’s important to understand the role roots play in a tree’s health. Tree roots anchor the tree in place, absorb water and nutrients from the soil, and store energy. The majority of a tree’s roots are located in the top 6 to 24 inches of soil, which is why it’s not uncommon for them to surface, especially if conditions in the soil change.

The Impact of Exposed Roots on Your Yard

While above-ground roots are a normal part of a tree’s life cycle, they can create challenges for homeowners. Roots may disrupt landscaping, damage lawnmower blades, or create uneven ground, leading to safety concerns. Moreover, attempts to cover or cut these roots without proper knowledge can harm the tree or even kill it.

Why Do Tree Roots Grow Above Ground?

There are several reasons why tree roots may end up above the soil. Some of the common factors include:

1. Shallow Soil: In areas where the soil is compacted or shallow, tree roots have no choice but to spread out near the surface to find enough oxygen and nutrients. Trees growing in rocky or heavily clay soils are especially prone to this.
2. Watering Patterns: If a tree is frequently watered at the surface, its roots will stay near the top to access that water. This is common in lawns with regular shallow irrigation.
3. Erosion: Over time, natural erosion can wear away the topsoil, gradually exposing tree roots that were once covered. This is especially common on slopes or areas with poor ground cover.
4. Tree Species: Some tree species, like maples, oaks, and willows, are more likely to have roots that naturally grow near or above the surface. These trees tend to develop wide, shallow root systems.

Should You Remove Tree Roots?

It might be tempting to remove or cut tree roots that seem to be in the way, but this is rarely a good idea. Cutting or damaging roots can reduce the tree’s ability to absorb nutrients and water, weaken its stability, and make it more vulnerable to diseases and pests. In some cases, cutting major roots can even lead to the tree’s decline or death.

Practical Solutions for Managing Exposed Tree Roots

While removing roots is generally not advisable, there are several strategies you can employ to manage them effectively while maintaining the health of your trees:

Add Mulch Around the Base of the Tree

One of the easiest solutions is to spread a layer of mulch around the tree’s base. Mulching helps cover the exposed roots, reduces soil erosion, and improves soil moisture retention. Use organic mulch like wood chips or bark, applying a 2 to 4-inch layer over the exposed roots. Make sure to keep the mulch a few inches away from the tree trunk to avoid rot.

Plant Ground Cover

Instead of struggling with maintaining grass over exposed roots, consider planting a ground cover plant. Low-growing plants like ivy, periwinkle, or creeping thyme can thrive in the shady environment under trees and won’t compete with the roots for nutrients. This helps to stabilize the soil and reduce the visibility of the roots.

Build a Pathway or Raised Bed

If roots are located in a high-traffic area where they pose a tripping hazard, consider installing a pathway over or around them. Paving stones or bricks can create a stable walking surface without disturbing the roots. Alternatively, raised garden beds can be constructed above the root zone, allowing for decorative planting without damaging the tree.

Avoid Soil Compaction

One of the leading causes of exposed roots is compacted soil, which limits oxygen flow to the roots. Prevent soil compaction by keeping heavy machinery, vehicles, or excessive foot traffic away from the tree’s root zone. Aerating the soil around the tree can help increase oxygen penetration and encourage deeper root growth.

Secondary Considerations for Long-Term Tree Health

In addition to managing exposed roots, there are several secondary considerations to keep in mind for the long-term health of your tree:

• Regularly Inspect Your Trees: Tree roots that become increasingly exposed may be a sign of underlying health issues. Regularly check your tree for other signs of stress, such as leaf discoloration, stunted growth, or thinning canopy. If you’re unsure, consult with a certified arborist to assess the overall health of your tree.
• Consider Tree Species When Planting: If you’re planning to plant new trees, consider species less prone to surface roots. Trees like oaks, ginkgo, or hickory generally have deeper root systems that are less likely to surface.
• Be Careful with Landscaping Changes: When making changes to your landscape, such as installing hardscapes or adding structures, take into account the root system of nearby trees. Heavy construction or grading can damage roots, affecting the tree’s health.

Conclusion: Protecting Trees While Managing Their Roots

Exposed tree roots don’t have to ruin your yard or landscape. With careful management, you can protect your trees while making your outdoor space safer and more aesthetically pleasing. Key strategies like mulching, planting ground cover, or installing pathways can minimize root exposure without causing harm. However, always remember that a tree’s roots are critical to its survival, and any significant changes should be made cautiously.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. Why are my tree roots growing above ground?
   Tree roots often grow above ground due to factors such as shallow soil, erosion, frequent surface watering, or natural characteristics of certain tree species like maples and willows. Soil compaction and limited oxygen availability can also force roots to the surface.
2. Is it safe to cut exposed tree roots?
   Generally, cutting exposed tree roots is not advisable. Removing or damaging roots can weaken the tree, reduce its ability to absorb water and nutrients, and increase its vulnerability to diseases or pests. In some cases, cutting roots can even cause the tree to die.
3. Can I cover tree roots with soil?
   Covering exposed roots with too much soil can suffocate them and cause rot. A better option is to use mulch, which allows the roots to breathe while protecting them from exposure. Mulch also helps retain moisture and prevents erosion.
4. What is the best way to manage tree roots that are above ground?
   Effective ways to manage exposed roots include applying mulch, planting ground cover, or installing a pathway or raised garden bed over or around the roots. These methods protect the roots while maintaining the tree’s health and reducing tripping hazards.
5. Will exposed roots harm my lawnmower or damage my yard?
   Yes, exposed roots can damage lawnmower blades and create obstacles in your yard. To prevent damage, avoid mowing too close to the roots. Instead, use mulch or plant ground cover around the tree to reduce the need for mowing in that area.
6. Can exposed roots be a sign of a sick tree?
   Not necessarily, but it could indicate stress, such as soil erosion or poor growing conditions. If the tree is showing additional signs of poor health, like stunted growth or discolored leaves, it’s best to consult an arborist to assess the overall condition of the tree.
7. What types of trees are less likely to have exposed roots?
   Trees with deeper root systems, such as oaks, ginkgo, or hickory, are generally less likely to develop surface roots. When planting new trees, consider selecting species known for deeper, less intrusive roots to minimize future problems.

Joel Cunningham

Forestry Author

I'm Joel Cunningham, an expert in pruning and weed management with over a decade of experience. My skills are rooted in formal training and extensive practice, focusing on advanced pruning techniques and efficient weed control. I'm known for my quality work, precision, and deep understanding of plant health and soil dynamics. My contributions extend to educational initiatives where I share sustainable practices and advice, establishing myself as a reliable and authoritative figure in the gardening community.